Can all verbs be used as a participle?

The only exception might be helping verbs…and while “is” doesn’t have a participle, it is the present tense of be, and that participle is “being.” So even helping verbs have participles.

A participle is a verbal that is used as an adjective and most often ends in -ing or -ed. The term verbal indicates that a participle, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being. There are two types of participles: present and past participles. Present participles end in -ing. Past participles end in -ed, -en, -d, -t, or -n, as in the words asked, eaten, saved, dealt, and seen.

The crying infant wet his diaper.

Shaken, he walked away from the wreck.

The burning log fell.

Smiling, she hugged the panting dog.

I believe so. There may be some exceptions but I think all verbs can be used as participles.

e.g.

Jane, running to catch the bus, tripped and fell

“Running” is the participle at the beginning of the participle phrase describing Jane.

Giving the taxi driver 20$, Tom was robbed.

“Giving” is the participle beginning the participle phrase which is describing Tom.