Can I use the term “wartime court martial” to describe ..?
one of the types of courts within the system of military justice (not simply Court Martial) which seems to be a court on the field of battle or special court during wartime.
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No. The term “court-martial” refers to the investigation, trial and punishment of members of the armed forces accused of breaking the law. Three types of courts-martial exist: summary, special and general, and are applied depending on the severity of the crime committed. Because a court-martial is convened during wartime or at a particular location does not give it a special name such as “wartime court-martial”. If you like you could say a person was “court-martialed during wartime”, but that is not necessary.
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In the US, you could use just “court martial” or the plural “courts martial.” In the US, that is only the trial, not the investigation. An investigation is made by the Military Police, then there is an Article 32 hearing, which is the military equivalent to a grand jury, and if it is found that the man should be charged, it is done there and referred to court martial.
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